Possessive Pronouns in Czech: Using Possessive Pronouns with the Correct Noun Genders and Case Endings

Possessive pronouns are an essential part of any language when it comes to expressing ownership or possession. In Czech, possessive pronouns agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun they refer to. Let's learn how to use possessive pronouns correctly in Czech.

1. Choosing the Correct Possessive Pronoun

   • The first step is to determine the gender, number, and case of the noun you want to express ownership for.
   • Czech nouns have three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
   • They also have four cases: nominative, genitive, dative, and accusative.
   • Depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun, you will use different forms of the possessive pronouns.

2. Possessive Pronouns - Masculine Gender

   • When the noun is masculine, follow these rules:

     a. Nominative case (subject):

     • Singular: můj (my), tvůj (your), jeho (his), její (her), náš (our), váš (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: naši (our, masc.), vaši (your, masc.), jejich (their)

     b. Genitive case (possession):

     • Singular: mého (my), tvého (your), jeho (his), jejího (her), našeho (our), vašeho (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: našich (our, masc.), vašich (your, masc.), jejich (their)

     c. Dative case (indirect object):

     • Singular: mu (to/for me), ti (to/for you), mu (to/for him), jí (to/for her), nám (to/for us), vám (to/for you), im (to/for them)
     • Plural: nám (to/for us), vám (to/for you), im (to/for them)

     d. Accusative case (direct object):

     • Singular: mého (my), tvého (your), jeho (his), jejího (her), našeho (our), vašeho (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: naše (our, masc.), vaše (your, masc.), jejich (their)

3. Possessive Pronouns - Feminine Gender

   • When the noun is feminine, the possessive pronouns change as follows:

     a. Nominative case (subject):

     • Singular: moje (my), tvá (your), její (her), naše (our), vaše (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: naše (our, fem.), vaše (your, fem.), jejich (their)

     b. Genitive case (possession):

     • Singular: mojí (my), tvé (your), její (her), naší (our), vaší (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: našich (our, fem.), vašich (your, fem.), jejich (their)

     c. Dative case (indirect object):

     • Singular: mé (to/for me), tvé (to/for you), její (to/for her), naší (to/for us), vaší (to/for you), jejich (to/for them)
     • Plural: našim (to/for us), vašim (to/for you), jejich (to/for them)

     d. Accusative case (direct object):

     • Singular: mojí (my), tvou (your), její (her), naší (our), vaší (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: naše (our, fem.), vaše (your, fem.), jejich (their)

4. Possessive Pronouns - Neuter Gender

   • When the noun is neuter, the possessive pronouns change as follows:

     a. Nominative case (subject):

     • Singular: moje (my), tvé (your), jeho (his), její (her), naše (our), vaše (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: naše (our, neut.), vaše (your, neut.), jejich (their)

     b. Genitive case (possession):

     • Singular: mého (my), tvého (your), jeho (his), jejího (her), našeho (our), vašeho (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: našich (our, neut.), vašich (your, neut.), jejich (their)

     c. Dative case (indirect object):

     • Singular: mému (to/for me), tvému (to/for you), jeho (to/for him), jejímu (to/for her), našemu (to/for us), vašemu (to/for you), jejich (to/for them)
     • Plural: našim (to/for us), vašim (to/for you), jejich (to/for them)

     d. Accusative case (direct object):

     • Singular: moje (my), tvé (your), jeho (his), její (her), naše (our), vaše (your), jejich (their)
     • Plural: naše (our, neut.), vaše (your, neut.), jejich (their)

Remember, practice makes perfect! Try to apply these rules to various nouns and sentences to reinforce your understanding of possessive pronouns in Czech.